The following have been found to be useful links to Alabama demographic information:
US Census Bureau quick facts and links to other information on their site;
http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/01000.html
National Relocation: Alabama Neighborhood Community Profile
http://profiles.nationalrelocation.com/Alabama/
Kaiser Family StateHealthFacts.org for Alabama
http://www.statehealthfacts.org/profileind.jsp?cat=1&rgn=2
Worldlingo
http://www.worldlingo.com/ma/enwiki/en/Demographics_of_Alabama
UScitycounty.com
http://www.uscitycounty.com/alabama-state-demography.htm
StateMaster.com
http://www.statemaster.com/index.php
If you know of a site that has good demographic information, please let us know -- brown@cs.ua.edu
This will be greatly appreciated by all.
Economic Costs of Motor Vehicle Crashes
Source of Crash Costs
For 2010 Crash Facts Book
David B. Brown
June 25, 2011
The purpose of this document is to demonstrate the sources for and the rationale behind the calculations of the crash costs for the 2010 edition of Crash Facts. The past ten years of Crash Facts are available at:
Crash costs involve the cost of fatalities, the cost of injuries and the property damage associated with vehicle collisions. Dollar costs change each year due to inflation. The costs that are applied in the 2010 edition of Crash Facts were applied to all past years in order that the costs would be comparable within this edition. Different costs (per fatality, injury and property damage) have been applied in past years. The 2010 costs used numbers specified in CY2009 documents, and thus they should be viewed as “equivalent 2009 dollars.”
COST PER FATALITY
The cost per fatality is effectively mandated by the USDOT in a memorandum dated March 18, 2009 with the subject: “Treatment of the Economic Value of a Statistical Life in Departmental Analyses – 2009 Annual Revision.” This memorandum updates the $5.8 million per fatality established in the previous year to $6.0 million for current DOT analyses. Thus, the cost per fatality used in the 2010 Crash Facts document was $6.0 million per fatality. See also the USA Today article on crash costs.
COST PER INJURY
No comparable standard cost per injury was found. The source from which we obtained the cost per injury was a 2009 National Safety Council entitled: “Estimating the Cost of Unintentional Injuries” from the following web page:
The following table contains the costs from this source:
Average Economic Cost by Injury Severity, 2009
| Incapacitating Injury (A) |
$67,800 |
| Nonincapacitation, evident injury (B) |
$21,000 |
| Possible injury (C) |
$12,400 |
This is appropriate to Alabama, since it uses a very similar A-B-C designation for injury severity. In Alabama during 2010 the following non-fatal injury severities were incurred:
|
MAIS
|
NUMBER
|
|
A
|
10,522
|
|
B
|
13876
|
|
C
|
13930
|
This yields an average cost to be $31,048 per non-fatal injury.
COST PER VEHICULAR PROPERTY DAMAGE
Some crashes obviously result in great property damage costs, especially those that result in a hazardous materials spill or damage to a roadway structure. These are not included in the costs below and will not be in included in the total crash costs. Those wishing to consider such costs should consult other references.
The most recent cost estimate per property damage per vehicle involved in a crash was found in a July 2004 FHWA publication (FHWA-HRT-04-085) entitled “Highway Safety Information System: An Examination of Fault, Unsafe Driving Acts, and Total Harm in Car-Truck Collisions,” which can be found on the following web page:
The cost give there is $2,250 per vehicle (not per crash). This cost then must be charged to each vehicle involved in a crash.
In 2010 Alabama had 127,296, which involved 231,203 vehicles, which is 1.82 vehicles per crash. Thus, the average vehicular property damage cost per crash is:
1.82 * $2250 = $4088/crash.
TOTAL COST PER ALL CRASHES IN 2010
The following table summarizes the costs for 2010.
|
COST TYPE
|
NUMBER
|
COST PER UNIT
|
COST PER TYPE
|
|
Fatality
|
862
|
6,000,000
|
5,172,000,000
|
|
Injury
|
39,658
|
31,048
|
1,231,301,584
|
|
Property Damage
|
128,384
|
4,088
|
524,833,792
|
|
TOTAL
|
|
|
6,928,135,376
|
Similar calculations were performed for all back years to produce the results given in the 2010 Crash Facts book. These are given below:
|
Year
|
Crashes
|
Injuries
|
Deaths
|
$$$$
|
# for chart
|
|
1991
|
112400
|
41600
|
1110
|
$ 8,411,118,883.53
|
8.41
|
|
1992
|
119000
|
42700
|
1033
|
$ 8,010,254,002.81
|
8.01
|
|
1993
|
122300
|
44200
|
1040
|
$ 8,112,317,301.37
|
8.11
|
|
1994
|
130300
|
48000
|
1082
|
$ 8,515,005,879.71
|
8.52
|
|
1995
|
133400
|
48100
|
1113
|
$ 8,716,784,323.82
|
8.72
|
|
1996
|
136500
|
48200
|
1142
|
$ 8,906,562,767.93
|
8.91
|
|
1997
|
139300
|
49300
|
1190
|
$ 9,240,162,730.34
|
9.24
|
|
1998
|
137500
|
47300
|
1071
|
$ 8,456,707,840.22
|
8.46
|
|
1999
|
137700
|
47100
|
1148
|
$ 8,913,315,894.68
|
8.91
|
|
2000
|
132600
|
43500
|
986
|
$ 7,808,692,905.99
|
7.81
|
|
2001
|
133738
|
43901
|
998
|
$ 7,897,795,607.85
|
7.90
|
|
2002
|
140437
|
44414
|
1038
|
$ 8,181,110,567.94
|
8.18
|
|
2003
|
141068
|
43845
|
1001
|
$ 7,944,023,955.76
|
7.94
|
|
2004
|
146359
|
45391
|
1154
|
$ 8,931,655,212.46
|
8.93
|
|
2005
|
143994
|
45290
|
1134
|
$ 8,798,850,600.49
|
8.80
|
|
2006
|
139781
|
43028
|
1208
|
$ 9,155,396,133.32
|
9.16
|
|
2007
|
135257
|
39655
|
1110
|
$ 8,444,175,885.47
|
8.44
|
|
2008
|
123969
|
35619
|
964
|
$ 7,396,717,739.83
|
7.40
|
|
2009
|
123,731
|
35,969
|
848
|
$ 6,710,611,531.02
|
6.71
|
|
2010
|
128,384
|
39,658
|
862
|
$ 6,928,135,376.00
|
6.93
|
|
Links
|